History of the Drama and Puppet Theater “Vasil Drumev” – Shumen

The Drama and Puppet Theater “Vasil Drumev” in Shumen is the oldest theater in Bulgaria. Born during the National Revival period, it grew from an amateur stage into a leading cultural institution bearing the name of the Shumen-born writer and playwright Vasil Drumev. Today, the theater unites drama and puppet ensembles and remains an active participant in the contemporary cultural life of the country.

Archival image related to the first Bulgarian theatrical performance in Shumen in 1856. — The Shumen beginnings in 1856 – the era of the National Revival.

The Beginning during the National Revival (1856–1911)

The history of Bulgarian theater begins in Shumen in 1856, when the teacher Sava Dobroplodni and his students staged the comedy “Mihal Mishkoed.” The performance, played in Bulgarian during the Ottoman period, marked the birth of the national theater and sparked a lasting interest in the stage. In the following decades, figures such as Dobri Voynikov and Vasil Drumev wrote and directed new plays, shaping audiences and a modern theatrical language.

The historical community hall where early Shumen performances were held. — The community hall stage – cradle of the first Bulgarian plays.

At the end of the 19th century, theatrical activity in Shumen was centered in the old community center. Until 1898, performances were held in its main hall, which motivated local donors to invest in improving the stage environment. In 1898, an impressive theater curtain was commissioned from the Viennese artists Max Hagendorf and Mr. Vodianski – a beautiful stage decoration that became part of Shumen’s theatrical folklore. (Remarkably, this painted curtain, the oldest preserved in Bulgaria, can still be seen today in the museum exhibition of the “Dobri Voynikov” community center.) These events highlighted the growing importance of theater for the city. In 1911, the community’s efforts culminated in the founding of the Shumen Municipal Theater as a permanent professional troupe. The officially organized stage began presenting a regular repertoire, laying the foundations of the institution that exists to this day.

The painted theater curtain commissioned in 1898, preserved as part of Shumen’s theatrical heritage. — A rare symbol of early civic patronage – the 1898 curtain.

New Stage and the Puppet Tradition (1950s–1980s)

In 1956, Shumen completed its first purpose-built theater building, inaugurated on October 13, 1957, with “Ivanko, the Murderer of Assen I” by Vasil Drumev. Having its own stage transformed both the troupe’s possibilities and the audience’s theatrical experience.

Opening of the theater building in Shumen in 1957. — The 1957 building marked a new stage in the theater’s development.

Alongside drama, a strong puppet tradition also emerged. An amateur puppet troupe from the 1950s gradually evolved into a professional state puppet theater in the mid-1970s, creating original children’s productions and gaining national recognition.

In 1981, the building was reconstructed and expanded into its current modern form, with improved stages and facilities. The name “Vasil Drumev” honors the author whose contribution is fundamental to Bulgarian drama.

The current theater building in Shumen with modernist arches, renovated after the 1981 reconstruction. — The 1981 reconstruction shaped the emblematic home of the theater.

Growth, Festivals, and National Recognition (1990s–2000s)

The repertoire includes Bulgarian classics, contemporary plays, and world titles. Since the early 1990s, Shumen has hosted the “Drumev Theater Festivals – New Bulgarian Drama” – a national platform for new playwriting and leading productions every spring in May.

Scene from the “Drumev Theater Festivals” in Shumen. — Each spring, the festival gathers contemporary Bulgarian drama in Shumen.

In 2000, the drama and puppet theaters merged into one institution – the Drama and Puppet Theater “Vasil Drumev.” The troupe has received numerous awards and continues the tradition of high artistic achievements and collaboration with distinguished artists.

The Modern Era of Innovation (2010 – Today)

In recent years, the theater has renewed its energy with a modern vision and a young management team. Its repertoire combines new interpretations of the classics with contemporary works, attracting new audiences and strengthening the connection with the community. Attendance has grown significantly, and investments in lighting, sound, and touring capacity have improved the quality and reach of its productions.

Portrait of the young director leading the theater’s contemporary vision. — Young leadership and a renewed vision for the 21st century.

The theater develops international partnerships and remains a key host for new Bulgarian drama. Building improvements are also planned – to provide better comfort and acoustics while preserving the distinctive architecture.

Contemporary performance on the main stage before a full audience. — A living stage – classics and modernity side by side.

In the spirit of innovation, the theater is also preparing its own line of merchandise – the first of its kind in a Bulgarian theater – to strengthen its connection with audiences and present Shumen’s theatrical heritage in a new light.

Minimalist teaser of the theater’s upcoming merchandise. — Coming soon: the first specialized theatrical merchandise shop in Bulgaria.

Continuity and Heritage

From the first performance in 1856 to today’s dual-stage institution, the Drama and Puppet Theater “Vasil Drumev” embodies continuity, creativity, and civic spirit. Visitors to Shumen can experience a rich past and a vibrant present – where Bulgarian classics, world masterpieces, and imaginative puppet performances meet on Shumen’s stages.